Ús dels procediments, les funcions i les propietats
The following describes the basic use of procedures, functions and properties in LibreOffice Basic.
When you create a new module, LibreOffice Basic automatically inserts a Sub called "Main". This default name has nothing to do with the order or the starting point of a LibreOffice Basic project. You can also safely rename this Subroutine.
Some restrictions apply for the names of your public variables, subroutines, functions and properties. You must not use the same name as one of the modules of the same library.
Procedures (Subroutines) functions (Function) and properties (Property) help you maintaining a structured overview by separating a program into logical pieces.
One benefit of procedures, functions and properties is that, once you have developed a program code containing task components, you can use this code in another project.
Passing Variables to Procedures, Functions or Properties
Variables can be passed to both procedures, functions or properties. The Sub Function or Property must be declared to expect parameters:
Sub SubName(Parameter1 As TYPENAME, Parameter2 As TYPENAME,...)
' your code goes here
End Sub
La Sub es crida mitjançant la sintaxi següent:
SubName(Value1, Value2,...)
The parameters passed to a Sub must fit to those specified in the Sub declaration.
The same process applies to a Function. In addition, functions always return a function result. The result of a function is defined by assigning the return value to the function name:
Function FunctionName(Parameter1 As TYPENAME, Parameter2 As TYPENAME,...) As TYPENAME
' your code goes here
FunctionName=Result
End Function
La Function es crida mitjançant la sintaxi següent:
Variable=FunctionName(Parameter1, Parameter2,...)
Properties combine the syntax of procedures and functions. A property usually requires up to one parameter.
Private _IsApproved As TYPENAME
Property Get IsApproved As TYPENAME
' your code goes here
IsApproved = some_computation
End Property
Property Let IsApproved(value As TYPENAME)
' your code goes here
_IsApproved = computed_value
End Property
La Property es crida mitjançant la sintaxi següent:
var = IsApproved
IsApproved = some_value
You can also use the fully qualified name to call a procedure, function or property:
Library.Module.Macro()
For example, to call the Autotext macro from the Gimmicks library, use the following command:
Gimmicks.AutoText.Main()
Pas de variables per valor o referència
Parameters can be passed to a procedure, a function or a property either by reference or by value. Unless otherwise specified, a parameter is always passed by reference. That means that a Sub, a Function or a Property gets the parameter and can read and modify its value.
If you want to pass a parameter by value insert the key word ByVal in front of the parameter when you call a Sub, a Function or a Property, for example:
Function ReadOnlyParms(ByVal p2, ByVal p2)
' your code goes here
End Function
result = ReadOnlyParms(parm1, parm2)
In this case, the original content of the parameter will not be modified by the Function since it only gets the value and not the parameter itself.
Defining Optional Parameters
Functions, procedures or properties can be defined with optional parameters, for example:
Sub Rounding(number, Optional decimals, Optional format)
' your code goes here
End Sub
Àmbit de variables
A variable defined within a Sub, a Function or a Property, only remains valid until the procedure is exited. This is known as a "local" variable. In many cases, you need a variable to be valid in all procedures, in every module of all libraries, or after a Sub, a Function or a Property is exited.
Declaring Variables Outside a Sub a Function or a Property
Global VarName As TYPENAME
La variable és vàlida mentre duri la sessió del LibreOffice.
Public VarName As TYPENAME
La variable és vàlida a tots els mòduls.
Private VarName As TYPENAME
La variable només és vàlida en este mòdul.
Dim VarName As TYPENAME
La variable només és vàlida en este mòdul.
Exemple de variables privades
Forceu que les variables privades siguen privades entre mòduls establint CompatibilityMode(True).
' ***** Module1 *****
Private myText As String
Sub initMyText
myText = "Hola"
Print "al mòdul1 : ", myText
End Sub
' ***** Module2 *****
'Option Explicit
Sub demoBug
CompatibilityMode( True )
initMyText
' Torna una cadena buida
' (or raises error for Option Explicit)
Print "Ara al mòdul2 : ", myText
End Sub
Com guardar el contingut d'una variable després d'eixir d'una Sub, una Function o una Property
Static VarName As TYPENAME
The variable retains its value until the next time the a Function, Sub or Property is entered. The declaration must exist inside a Sub, a Function or a Property.
Specifying the Return Value Type of a Function or a Property
As with variables, include a type-declaration character after the function name, or the type indicated by As and the corresponding data type at the end of the parameter list to define the type of the function or property's return value, for example:
Function WordCount(WordText As String) As Integer